Using allele specific expression of an F1 cross between B73 and Palomero Toluqueño (a Mexican highland Landrace) we identified set of genes that showed differential allele expression and were considered to display an anticipated prior response to typical highland stresses such as cold and UV response

We use 30 genomes of highland and lowland maize landraces from across the Americas to study the expansion of maize after domestication. We found declines in population size and serial founder effects as maize spread to the south after domestication. This lead to an increase in deleterious effects that is particularly marked in Andean maize. Introgression of highland teosinte mexicana in North American and Guatemalan highland maize reduced the prevalance of deleterious effects